Congressional interest in the financial conditions of depository banks or the commercial banking industry has increased in the wake of the financial crisis that unfolded in 2007-2009, which resulted in a large increase in the number of distressed institutions. A financially strained banking system would have difficulty making credit available to facilitate macroeconomic recovery. This book focuses on the financial condition of the banking industry, which can be examined in terms of profitability, lending activity, and capitalisation levels.