The second edition of this book covers new topics that satisfy a growing need in the GIS, professional surveyor, machine control, and Big Data communities while continuing to embrace the earth center earth fixed coordinate system as the fundamental point of origin of one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional data sets. It also provides guidance and insight for continuing to link to the data collected and stored in older coordinate systems.Traditional methods for handling spatial data are encumbered by the assumption of separate origins for horizontal and vertical measurements. Modern measurement systems operate in a 3-D spatial environment. The 3-D Global Spatial Data Model: Foundation of the Spatial Data Infrastructure offers a new model for handling digital spatial data, the global spatial data model or GSDM.The GSDM preserves the integrity of three-dimensional spatial data while also providing additional benefits such as simpler equations, worldwide standardization, and the ability to track spatial data accuracy with greater specificity and convenience. This groundbreaking spatial model incorporates both a functional model and a stochastic model to connect the physical world to the ECEF rectangular system.Combining horizontal and vertical data into a single, three-dimensional database, this authoritative monograph provides a logical development of theoretical concepts and practical tools that can be used to handle spatial data more efficiently. The book clearly describes procedures that can be used to handle both ECEF and flat-Earth rectangular components in the context of a rigorous global environment.The 3-D Global Spatial Data Model: Principles and Applications by Earl F. Burkholder. Published by CRC Press 2018. Second edition. 492pp. Hardback, laminate boards. Book condition: Very Good - clean covers, tightly bound, clean throughout. No former owner inscriptions.